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英文诗歌用词、词法、句法(三)

编辑:chaxungu时间:2022-10-13 02:28:03分类:英语诗歌

副词

  amain(violently,suddenly,猛然、突然),

  anon(soon,立刻);

  erst(formerly,往昔);

  full(very,完美的);

  haply(perhaps,或许),

  hard by(close or very near,在近旁);

  natheless(nevertheless,然而),

  nigh(almost,几乎);

  right(very,precisely,准确的);

  scantly(scantily,贫乏的),

  scarce(scarcely,刚刚),

  sore(sorely,痛苦的);

  whilom(formerly,从前)

  列举以下诗行为例

  1、Haply some hoary-headed swain may say…

  (Gray)

  haply = perhaps

  或许鬓发斑白的情人会说……

  2、Hard by, a cottage-chimney smokes.

  (Milton)

  hard by = very near

  近处,村舍炊烟袅袅。

  3、It was near the ringing of matin-bell,

  The night was well nigh done.

  (Scott)

  nigh=almost

  晨祷钟声即将响起,

  黑夜几已消尽。

  4、Sweet was the sound, when, oft at ev'ning's close…

  (Goldsmith)

  oft=often

  常值黄昏临近,

  此声最为温馨。

  动词

  behold(see,看),

  brook(bear,容忍、忍受);

  cleave(cling,依恋),

  cumber(distress,trouble,烦累);

  deem(think,认为);

  fare(walk,行走);

  hearken(hear,attend,倾听、给予注意),

  hie(hasten,赶紧);

  ken(know,知道);

  list(listen,听见);

  methink(seem to me,据我看来);

  quaff(drink,痛饮),

  quoth(said,说);

  obscure(darken,使黑暗);

  slay(kill,杀害),

  smite(strike,重击),

  sojorn(lodge or dwell,旅居),

  speed(hasten,促进);

  tarry(remain,逗留),

  trow(believe,相信);

  vanquish(conquer,征服);

  wax(grow,渐增)

  列举以下诗行为例:

  1、Behold her, single in the field,

  Yon solitary Highland lass!

  (Wordsworth)

  behold=see

  看!那边的田野里,

  苏格兰姑娘她独自一人。

  2、Oh! Quickly string the harp,

  I yet can brook to hear.

  (Byron)

  brook=bear

  啊!快调好竖琴琴弦,

  我还能耐心倾听。

  3、Let not the dark thee cumber.

  (Herrick)

  cumber=distress

  不要让黑暗使你疲累。

  4、Him have we seen the greenwood side along,

  While o'ver the heath we hied.

  (Gray)

  hie=hasten

  当我们匆匆走过石南丛生的荒地,

  我们在绿树丛边看见了他。

  5、Nor shapes of men nor beasts we ken.

  (Coleridge)

  ken=know

  我们对人与兽一无所知。

  6、And then methought it did appear a violet dropping dew.

  (Byron)

  methought=seemed to me

  随即我以为,真降过一阵紫色的露珠。

  7、Then changed, I trow, was that bold Baron's brow.

  trow=believe

  我相信,那勇敢男爵的表情已有变化。